<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[AI × MedEd]]></title><description><![CDATA[I'm a medical educator. I read the literature so you don't have to, then write one short letter every Monday. For faculty, residents, curriculum leads, and anyone in higher ed who teaches.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUtj!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecbf160b-deb3-47ba-b379-5de94f7e34ff_400x400.png</url><title>AI × MedEd</title><link>https://www.aomalley.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 13:15:58 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://www.aomalley.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Andrew O’Malley]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[andrewomalley@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[andrewomalley@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[andrewomalley@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[andrewomalley@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[The AI gap isn't about enthusiasm]]></title><description><![CDATA[Outside the US and Europe there is near-universal appetite for AI combined with very limited access.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-ai-gap-isnt-about-enthusiasm</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-ai-gap-isnt-about-enthusiasm</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 08:46:25 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/209bed96-5141-42d5-8742-ac4964d01fd0_2752x1536.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><h3>This Week in MedEd</h3><p>7 open funding calls, 31 upcoming events, 37 live jobs (18 new, 7 closing this week), including:</p><ul><li><p>&#128176; Advanced Digital Skills for AI Uptake in Health (up to &#8364;3.9M from the European Commission&#8217;s Digital Europe Programme, deadline 1 Oct 2026)</p></li><li><p>&#127891; AMEE 2026 (Vienna, Austria, 22-26 Aug 2026)</p></li><li><p>&#128188; Assistant Professor in Fair and Responsible AI (Imperial College London, closes 19 Oct)</p></li></ul><p>The full database, with deadlines, links and eligibility, free for 30 days:</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.aomalley.com/subscribe?coupon=3860c8b9&amp;utm_content=208330611&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Get 30 day free trial&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://www.aomalley.com/subscribe?coupon=3860c8b9&amp;utm_content=208330611"><span>Get 30 day free trial</span></a></p></blockquote><p>Usually when we read medical education research the papers are single-site and in the general context of reliable electricity, institutional licences, and an  assumption that every student owns a laptop. This is obviously not representative of medical education everywhere; the majority of the world&#8217;s doctors are trained in settings where none of those things can be taken for granted. This week I have selected papers that describe the state of AI in Medical Education in these contexts, with a focus on infrastructure and readiness.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>Key points</strong></p><ul><li><p>Fewer than 10% of AI in Medical Education publications come from Latin America, Africa or Eastern Europe, so most of the evidence base is biased towards western contexts.</p></li><li><p>Among 143 physician educators at the West African College of Physicians, 98% thought AI could improve medical education, but only 35% had access to AI tools and only 23% had received any training.</p></li><li><p>415 students at the University of Aden in Yemen scored a mean of 79.82 out of 110 on a validated AI readiness scale, with ethics scoring highest. Appetite and self-assessed readiness are not the bottleneck.</p></li><li><p>AI amplifies whatever educational practice already exists rather than creating new capacity, so implementation failure is organisational, not technological.</p></li><li><p>The recurring practical recommendation is unglamorous. Faculty training, mobile-first delivery, open-access tooling, and locally adapted content..</p></li></ul></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Adefolalu</strong> completed a narrative review of AI in medical education across low- and middle-income countries with sub-Saharan Africa as the primary case<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>. They identified 2803 records and included 37 in the final synthesis. Of these 26% came from African countries and  38% came from high-income countries with LMIC applicability.</p><p>Analysis showed that fewer than 10% of these publications originated from Latin America, Africa or Eastern Europe. Additionally, a 2025 international survey of over 4500 students across 192 heath professions faculties found that more than 75% had received no formal AI education. </p><p>The barriers to AI use in medical education in these contexts are infrastructural rather than pedagogical: </p><ul><li><p>intermittent power</p></li><li><p>poor connectivity</p></li><li><p>low electronic medical record adoption starving local models of data</p></li><li><p>algorithmic bias from training data drawn from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_WEIRDest_People_in_the_World">WEIRD</a> populations, with worked clinical examples in dermatology, pulse oximetry and cardiovascular risk stratification. </p></li></ul><p>His suggestions for the future are therefore very practical, including mobile-first delivery given smartphone penetration, South-South partnerships rather than default North-South ones, open educational resources to control cost, and ethics teaching grounded in local values,</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Abbas et al</strong> narrow the same question specifically to UG medical education They identified 210 records from PubMed and Google Scholar published between Jan 2020 and Mar 2025 and sifted them down to 43 articles<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>. The main finding was that the AI functions as &#8220;an amplifier of existing educational practices&#8221; rather than as an independent driver of improvement, which means a school with weak curriculum governance gets amplified weak curriculum governance. </p><p>The LMIC-specific barriers they name overlap heavily with Adefolalu&#8217;s but there is a specific focus on model bias. Models trained on high-income datasets miss local epidemiology, culture and language.. They provide recommendations organised as five pillars, with faculty development and AI literacy as priorities. Their point that faculty need training in critical appraisal of AI outputs rather than in tool operation reminds me a lot of the Feigerlova paper we discused last week<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>.</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;207e9929-dd15-44eb-96a8-27b9c97959c0&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Is Anyone Training the Trainers?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:41703450,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Andrew O'Malley PhD&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;I&#8217;m a Senior Lecturer at the University of St Andrews Medical School. I specialise in generative AI (genAI), medical education (MedEd), and digital assessment &#8212; with a particular focus on safety, bias, and implementation in real-world teaching.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c7dbcf94-910c-4b22-b818-c7cf13cf619b_896x898.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-08-10T21:02:14.021Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1d3ed503-1e76-46fd-a99a-6fb12df0fea4_2752x1536.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.aomalley.com/p/is-anyone-training-the-trainers&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:210660216,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:3,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:4656903,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;AI &#215; MedEd&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUtj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecbf160b-deb3-47ba-b379-5de94f7e34ff_400x400.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>They also argue for hybrid assessment, pairing AI evaluation of structured cognitive tasks with human oversight of empathy, communication and professionalism. All of this is very reasonable and aligns with the literature elsewhere, but this is a narrative review with no formal risk-of-bias assessment, only two databases, and almost no quantitative synthesis.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Mamven et al</strong> surveyed 143 physician trainers recruited at the West African College of Physicians annual meeting<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>. Three quarters reported familiarity with AI concepts, but only 9.8% described themselves as &#8216;very familiar&#8217;, and only about 36% were aware of AI tools specifically for medical education. 19% reported &#8216;frequent use&#8217;, mostly for research, and 55% used AI in their role as educators. </p><p>They reported a significant gap between belief and provision. <strong>98% thought AI could improve medical education and 90% supported integrating it, yet only 35% had access to AI tools and only 23% had received training</strong>. </p><p>The named barriers were lack of training (63.4%), tools being unavailable (51.7%) and poor internet connectivity (51%). Frequent AI use was independently associated with holding a higher degree (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.28 -10.96) and with having attended AI training (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.01 - 7.72). Nearly everyone (99%) wanted AI as a supplement rather than a replacement.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Al-Madhagi et al</strong> ran a similar study, but this time focussed on students rather than educators<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>. They surveyed 415 undergraduate health professions students at the University of Aden in Yemen using the validated Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale (MAIRS-MS) . The mean readiness score was 79.82 out of 110, which is a reasonably favourable result and comparable to what has been reported from far better-resourced settings, with the ethics and ability domains scoring highest. </p><p>80.2% had prior awareness of AI technologies and 44.8% had used them in a medical context. Male students scored significantly higher on the cognition domain than female students (27.73 versus 26.07, p=0.005) and readiness showed no significant association with age, GPA, academic year or income level. </p><p>I know we wouldn&#8217;t normally place a great deal of weight on a single-site study, but I think these findings are very interesting. They show that students in one of the most infrastructure-constrained health systems in the world arrive with roughly the same self-assessed readiness and ethical awareness as their peers elsewhere.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So, what&#8217;s the common thread that runs through these papers? We know that in high-income settings the conversation is largely about persuading sceptical faculty and restraining over-enthusiastic students. In the settings these papers describe, the enthusiasm is already near-universal and the ethical awareness is already high. What is missing is access and infrastructure . It doesn&#8217;t seem to be the case that some places are behind on AI attitudes and need to catch up. </p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><span>Adefolalu AO. Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Medical Education in LMICs: A Narrative Review. </span><em><span>Advances in Medical Education and Practice</span></em><span>. 2026. </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S613617"><span>https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S613617</span></a></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><span>Abbas U, Khalid MU, Tanveer M, Arshad F, Musawwir UA, Hasan SM, Hussain N. Opportunities and challenges of integrating artificial intelligence into undergraduate medical education in low- and middle-income countries. </span><em><span>Discover Artificial Intelligence</span></em><span>. 2026. </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-01650-0"><span>https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-01650-0</span></a></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><span>Feigerlova E. How to Teach Generative Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Medical Education. </span><em><span>The Clinical Teacher</span></em><span>. 2026. </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.70420"><span>https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.70420</span></a></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><span>Mamven M, Oleribe OO, Offiong U, Acquah G, Ogunrinde OO, Haruna A, Ansa V, Uzochukwu BSC, Taylor-Robinson SD. Artificial intelligence awareness, usage, and readiness among fellows of the West African College of Physicians. </span><em><span>BMC Medical Education</span></em><span>. 2026. </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-10063-7"><span>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-10063-7</span></a></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><span>Al-Madhagi OA, Al-Shadadi HH, Al-Hubaishi AK, Dobian SA, Alkhalifi AK, Hashem LM. Artificial Intelligence (AI) readiness among medical students in Yemen: a cross-sectional study using the MAIRS-MS Scale. </span><em><span>BMC Medical Education</span></em><span>. 2026. </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-10106-z"><span>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-026-10106-z</span></a></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Is Anyone Training the Trainers?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four 2026 papers move past what students should learn about AI and ask whether the faculty teaching them are actually ready.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/is-anyone-training-the-trainers</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/is-anyone-training-the-trainers</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 21:02:14 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1d3ed503-1e76-46fd-a99a-6fb12df0fea4_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><h3>This Week in MedEd</h3><p>7 open funding calls, 24 upcoming events, 27 live jobs (15 new, 5 closing this week), including:</p><ul><li><p>&#128176; EdTech Accelerator (up to &#8364;2.7M for European EdTech startups and SMEs, deadline 1 Oct 2026)</p></li><li><p>&#127891; IAMSE 2026 Virtual Forum (online, global, 20-22 Oct 2026)</p></li><li><p>&#128188; Professor: AI &amp; Health (University of Johannesburg, closes 9 Aug)</p></li></ul><p>The full list, with&#8230;</p></blockquote>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[How much MedEd AI research actually happening?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four new bibliometric studies map the literature itself, and the picture is bigger, faster and shakier than any single paper can show.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/how-much-meded-ai-research-actually</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/how-much-meded-ai-research-actually</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:18:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d8328196-e1f5-4e1d-822f-832afc44ec9d_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><h3>This Week in MedEd</h3><p>1 new event, 23 jobs (including 8 new and 2 closing this week), including:</p><ul><li><p>&#128176; Advanced Digital Skills for AI Uptake in Health &#8212; up to &#8364;3.9M, EU consortia, deadline 1 Oct 2026</p></li><li><p>&#127891; EBMA 2026: Annual European Conference on Assessment in Medical Education &#8212; Lancaster, UK, 1&#8211;3 Dec 2026</p></li><li><p>&#128188; Associate Dean of Digital Education &#8212; BIMM University, L&#8230;</p></li></ul></blockquote>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[How I use AI in AI × MedEd]]></title><description><![CDATA[The answer may surprise you!]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/how-i-use-ai-in-ai-meded</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/how-i-use-ai-in-ai-meded</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2026 09:06:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vHIr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd565fdd0-4ef1-42bd-bcd8-9682258adfd5_1760x2120.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Last week Substack took the controversial step of adding AI detection into its user interface. I can see why they did this. They are seeking to deter <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c9wx2dz2v44o">AI slop</a> from filling their platform and reward writers that produce high-quality original content. But things are never that simple&#8230;</p><div class="embedded-post-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;id&quot;:207812763,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://post.substack.com/p/against-claudefishing&quot;,&quot;publication_id&quot;:737237,&quot;embedding_publication_id&quot;:4656903,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Substack Post&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1xjm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1e216fe-08f1-48b3-9a5f-16910b271b1c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Against Claudefishing&quot;,&quot;truncated_body_text&quot;:&quot;It&#8217;s getting harder to tell what&#8217;s real on the internet.&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-07-21T16:02:33.590Z&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:6461,&quot;comment_count&quot;:1476,&quot;bylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chris Best&quot;,&quot;handle&quot;:&quot;cb&quot;,&quot;previous_name&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ed41009-c1f9-4df4-9d3a-b2594c80c6d9_2237x2237.jpeg&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Co-founder &amp; CEO of Substack.&quot;,&quot;profile_set_up_at&quot;:&quot;2021-04-16T02:22:39.548Z&quot;,&quot;reader_installed_at&quot;:&quot;2021-11-29T20:42:16.752Z&quot;,&quot;publicationUsers&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:204377,&quot;user_id&quot;:2,&quot;publication_id&quot;:13,&quot;role&quot;:&quot;admin&quot;,&quot;public&quot;:true,&quot;is_primary&quot;:true,&quot;publication&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:13,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Chris Best&quot;,&quot;subdomain&quot;:&quot;cb&quot;,&quot;custom_domain&quot;:null,&quot;custom_domain_optional&quot;:false,&quot;hero_text&quot;:&quot;Co-founder and CEO of Substack&quot;,&quot;logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8c2cadcc-e0ba-4210-a98c-b65ffecf85a5_1280x1280.png&quot;,&quot;author_id&quot;:2,&quot;primary_user_id&quot;:2,&quot;theme_var_background_pop&quot;:&quot;#3979E0&quot;,&quot;created_at&quot;:&quot;2018-03-05T05:16:39.828Z&quot;,&quot;email_from_name&quot;:&quot;Chris Best&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;Chris Best&quot;,&quot;founding_plan_name&quot;:&quot;Founding Member&quot;,&quot;community_enabled&quot;:true,&quot;invite_only&quot;:false,&quot;payments_state&quot;:&quot;enabled&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:null,&quot;explicit&quot;:false,&quot;homepage_type&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;,&quot;is_personal_mode&quot;:false,&quot;logo_url_wide&quot;:null}}],&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;status&quot;:{&quot;bestsellerTier&quot;:null,&quot;subscriberTier&quot;:10,&quot;leaderboard&quot;:null,&quot;vip&quot;:false,&quot;badge&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;subscriber&quot;,&quot;tier&quot;:10,&quot;accent_colors&quot;:null},&quot;subscriber&quot;:null}}],&quot;utm_campaign&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null}" data-component-name="EmbeddedPostToDOM"><a class="embedded-post" native="true" href="https://post.substack.com/p/against-claudefishing?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_campaign=post_embed&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;embedding_publication_id=4656903"><div class="embedded-post-header"><img class="embedded-post-publication-logo" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1xjm!,w_56,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1e216fe-08f1-48b3-9a5f-16910b271b1c_300x300.png"><span class="embedded-post-publication-name">The Substack Post</span></div><div class="embedded-post-title-wrapper"><div class="embedded-post-title">Against Claudefishing</div></div><div class="embedded-post-body">It&#8217;s getting harder to tell what&#8217;s real on the internet&#8230;</div><div class="embedded-post-cta-wrapper"><span class="embedded-post-cta">Read more</span></div><div class="embedded-post-meta">a month ago &#183; 6461 likes &#183; 1476 comments &#183; Chris Best</div></a></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="728" height="36.5" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:728,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>False Positives</h3><p>We have all seen instances of false positive results, when&#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Does AI actually teach better?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four new meta-analyses of randomised trials reach different verdicts on whether AI-based teaching beats the traditional kind.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/does-ai-actually-teach-better</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/does-ai-actually-teach-better</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 27 Jul 2026 07:56:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f378c1d7-ba85-4e11-98d2-a8087bbd7088_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><h3>This Week in MedEd</h3><p>3 new funding calls, 2 new events, 21 jobs (including 6 new and 3 close this week)</p><p>&#11088; Closes Today: University of Buckingham is hiring a Senior Lecturer, MLA Lead (Clinical), to lead its Medical Licensing Assessment programme.</p><p>The full database, with deadlines, links and eligibility, free for 30 days:</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.aomalley.com/subscribe?coupon=3860c8b9&amp;utm_content=208330611&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Get 30 day free trial&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.aomalley.com/subscribe?coupon=3860c8b9&amp;utm_content=208330611"><span>Get 30 day free trial</span></a></p></blockquote>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Can AI write the exam?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four 2026 papers show AI-generated questions now match human ones on paper, but validity, fairness and the human sign-off are where the real work still sits.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/can-ai-write-the-exam</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/can-ai-write-the-exam</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 06:43:20 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png" width="1376" height="768" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:768,&quot;width&quot;:1376,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1214489,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.aomalley.com/i/207470339?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFoZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F54502327-0ad1-4fa7-9d2d-8fa565672684_1376x768.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Most of the debate about AI in medical education has been about learning: how students revise, how we teach, whether a chatbot helps or hinders. Assessment has had less attention, which is odd, because assessment is where the stakes are highest. A wrong answer in a revision session is a teaching moment. A flawed item in a licensing exam is a fairness pr&#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[One year of AI × MedEd]]></title><description><![CDATA[A year ago this week I started this newsletter. Here are some of my reflections and what comes next.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/one-year-of-ai-meded</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/one-year-of-ai-meded</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2026 12:44:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wHAj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70b4ba9b-43c8-4b10-95f9-3a8a595a5ed6_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A year ago I published the first issue of this newsletter. I wasn&#8217;t sure anyone would read it: the premise, writing about what other people have written about AI in Medical Education(!), felt very niche. But it turns out that this was actually the point, and one year on, there is a growing community of thousands of educators who regularly turn up to see&#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Nobody is automatically ready for AI]]></title><description><![CDATA[Three new studies show that readiness for clinical AI is shaped by personality, digital access and career fears far more than by simply growing up with the technology.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/nobody-is-automatically-ready-for</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/nobody-is-automatically-ready-for</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2026 06:18:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/73d59cc3-f372-4fd7-bf1d-edf56d017d1c_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We tend to assume that readiness for AI will take care of itself. The current cohort of medical students has never known a world without smartphones, so surely they will absorb clinical AI the way they absorbed everything else, by osmosis and generational fluency. It is a comforting story, and this week&#8217;s papers suggest it is largely wrong. This isn&#8217;t s&#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Will AI build clinical reasoning, or bypass it?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Five new papers, including a Nature Medicine warning about 'never-skilling', suggest that AI's effect on how doctors learn to think depends on supervision and design far more than on the model itself.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/will-ai-build-clinical-reasoning</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/will-ai-build-clinical-reasoning</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 06 Jul 2026 07:46:03 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bcf2ced8-1e76-4121-b35a-6207800e0454_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ask a large language model a clinical question and it will hand you an answer that is fluent, confident, and <em>often</em> correct. That is exactly what worries me. Medical education has never really been about producing the right answer on demand. It is about building the reasoning that lets a doctor reach the right answer when the tool is wrong, unavailable, &#8230;</p>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Students are ready. The curriculum isn't.]]></title><description><![CDATA[New 2026 evidence shows four in five medical students want to learn about AI, yet most schools still offer little or no formal teaching and far fewer students feel able to use it in practice.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/students-are-ready-the-curriculum</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/students-are-ready-the-curriculum</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2026 07:34:31 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/af238243-18bc-4a38-a5ff-e4583b0eae01_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p><strong>A note before we begin: </strong>I wanted to flag the <a href="https://www.nbme.org/contributions/assessment/stemmler-grants/">2026 Edward J. Stemmler M.D. Medical Education Research Grant Program</a>, which supports the research and development of innovative assessment approaches with the potential to advance assessment in medical education. The grant ceiling is $150K. If you want to apply for this grant you have to <strong>submit your Letter o&#8230;</strong></p></blockquote>
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      </p>
   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Stop bolting AI on. Start redesigning.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four new papers argue the real task is not adding AI tools to the curriculum but rebuilding medical education around them, while keeping human judgement at the centre.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/stop-bolting-ai-on-start-redesigning</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/stop-bolting-ai-on-start-redesigning</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 07:11:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/57579493-392e-4b68-ba17-39aa97e262b6_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Summer is well and truly here in Scotland, and I am looking forward to conference season. I will be attending AMEE in Vienna &#127462;&#127481; this year to present some exciting work on <a href="http://simpatient.co.uk">SimPatient</a>. Please reply to this email if you&#8217;re going &#8212; it would be great to meet up.</p><p>I am also currently <a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/p/aixmeded-events">tracking 20 international Medical Education conferences</a> and over <a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/p/grants-and-funding">&#163;250K worth&#8230;</a></p></blockquote>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/stop-bolting-ai-on-start-redesigning">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The readiness gap that follows you through a career]]></title><description><![CDATA[Five new studies, from first-year students to senior faculty, find that enthusiasm for AI consistently runs ahead of the competence to use it well.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-readiness-gap-that-follows-you</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-readiness-gap-that-follows-you</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2026 07:37:39 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3f5c4cb5-3f78-4e19-b577-6c3ebf9c1c46_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If the early years of generative AI in medical education were about access (could our students even get their hands on these tools?) and then about permission (should we &#8216;let&#8217; them?), 2026 is shaping up to be the year of the readiness reckoning. The question has shifted from whether our learners and colleagues will use AI to whether any of us are genuin&#8230;</p>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-readiness-gap-that-follows-you">
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      </p>
   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[What we know about what trainees know]]></title><description><![CDATA[Five 2026 studies on AI literacy, adoption, placement use, and the cost of dependence.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/what-we-know-about-what-trainees</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/what-we-know-about-what-trainees</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 09:26:26 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cb43b668-06eb-4729-a42e-255de30f2c93_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Hello everyone!</p><p>Many of you will remember that academics used to have something called &#8216;summer&#8217;, which was a break between academic years when we could planning, think and write about things that we didn&#8217;t have time to do during periods of busy teaching. Most of us don&#8217;t have much of a summer any more. In my University, assessments run later into June, a&#8230;</p></blockquote>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/what-we-know-about-what-trainees">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[From if to how: three blueprints for an AI-ready medical education]]></title><description><![CDATA[Three new papers move our field from arguing about AI in medical education to building the structures that hold it.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-scaffolding-is-finally-going</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-scaffolding-is-finally-going</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2026 21:05:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/85363b3e-555f-4b7a-9d46-2607eb329292_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Hello everyone. </p><p>Before we get started on this week&#8217;s roundup, a couple of updates:</p><p>I wanted to take a moment to <strong>welcome</strong> a flurry of new subscribers to this newsletter, which is now routinely read by 7500 people per month from 70 different countries. If you have colleagues who would be interested in this newsletter please share it with them:</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.aomalley.com/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share AI &#215; MedEd&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.aomalley.com/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share AI &#215; MedEd</span></a></p><p>You may be int&#8230;</p></blockquote>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-scaffolding-is-finally-going">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[AI in the Assessor's Chair]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four new studies show generative AI can write exam questions, mark answers and appraise medical education research, but matching expert judgement still falls short of trustworthy judgement.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/ai-in-the-assessors-chair</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/ai-in-the-assessors-chair</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2026 08:51:40 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/edb4f6a0-de27-4a94-ad65-9aa90e7b457b_1376x768.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For the last three years, most of our conversation about AI in medical education has treated the technology as something students use, or something we teach them about. The unspoken assumption underneath our policies, and underneath a fair amount of our worry, has been that the human stays in the assessor&#8217;s chair. We set the questions, we mark the answe&#8230;</p>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/ai-in-the-assessors-chair">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[⚙️ The Best Productivity Tools for Educators and Researchers (2026 Edition)]]></title><description><![CDATA[A curated guide to the most capable productivity tools for academics and educators.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-best-productivity-tools-for-educators</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-best-productivity-tools-for-educators</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2026 11:09:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/13ad25fa-4dbb-4ca5-aa13-9f0c6145652c_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>At this point in the year I start thinking about all the things I haven&#8217;t done over the last year. Teaching is winding down, the marking pile will eventually recede, and the long-deferred projects will, hopefully, get some attention at last. It is the natural moment for a quiet half hour at the desk, with a coffee and a notebook, to take stock of the tools that will be doing the work alongside us. </p><p>Last year I wrote about <a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/p/the-best-ai-tools-for-educators-and">the AI tools that have become indispensable to research and teaching</a>, and a number of readers wrote back asking the obvious follow-up question. What about everything else? The schedule, the inbox, the notes, the references, the slowly accumulating backlog of papers that need reading. The plumbing of academic work, in other words, rather than the AI work itself.</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;80cccd78-5bce-40e5-8269-f63305d49eac&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;AI tools are now part of the daily rhythm of academic work. We use them to find papers, draft feedback, simulate patient encounters, and generate visuals. Yet most people still rely on the same handful of tools they tried when ChatGPT first arrived. The landscape has moved on. New entrants are smarter, more secure, and often designed with education or research in mind.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&#129504; The Best AI Tools for Educators and Researchers (2025 Edition)&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:41703450,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Andrew O'Malley PhD&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;I&#8217;m a Senior Lecturer at the University of St Andrews Medical School. I specialise in generative AI (genAI), medical education (MedEd), and digital assessment &#8212; with a particular focus on safety, bias, and implementation in real-world teaching.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2ebd3760-703c-4654-b2be-6f770bdf5cd2_1291x1290.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-10-22T08:34:16.992Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qegE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7130fca5-8cd5-4472-a60b-b12a8f68f9df_384x316.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://andrewomalley.substack.com/p/the-best-ai-tools-for-educators-and&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:175057561,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:4656903,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;AI &#215; MedEd&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUtj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fecbf160b-deb3-47ba-b379-5de94f7e34ff_400x400.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>It is worth pausing on why this matters. The American Time Use Survey shows that people who work spend an average of 8.1 hours a day doing so, and those who pursue formal education add 5.4 hours on top. Most of us recognise these figures all too well. The point of this productivity toolkit, then, is not that it makes you more virtuous or harder-working. It is that the right tools let you finish the same work in less time, and the hours you reclaim are the ones that belong to your family, your friends, and the parts of yourself that have nothing to do with academia.</p><div id="datawrapper-iframe" class="datawrapper-wrap outer" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/p2juw/4/&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dbddc9d8-9adf-406d-afd1-5daa8fbcfab6_1220x746.png&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url_full&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3c6ef583-553d-404d-851c-35f38bebc73b_1220x870.png&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:444,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;How we actually use our time&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;Average hours per day spent on each activity, among people who do the activity at all.&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false}" data-component-name="DatawrapperToDOM"><iframe id="iframe-datawrapper" class="datawrapper-iframe" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/p2juw/4/" width="730" height="444" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(e){if(void 0!==e.data["datawrapper-height"]){var t=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var a in e.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r<t.length;r++){if(t[r].contentWindow===e.source)t[r].style.height=e.data["datawrapper-height"][a]+"px"}}}))}();</script></div><p>A note on framing before we jump in to the list. Most academics no longer have the luxury of choosing their core infrastructure: institutional contracts have pulled almost everyone into the Microsoft 365 ecosystem, with Outlook, Teams, OneDrive, and the rest. That is not a complaint. Microsoft's offer has improved substantially in recent years and the data governance story for institutional users is, on balance, the right one. Where I name a Microsoft tool as the institutional default below, that is recognition of the constraint most readers actually face. Where I name something else as the stand-out, it is because there is a genuine case for paying for, or switching to, the better tool.</p><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/task-and-project-management">&#128203; Task and Project Management</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/notes-and-knowledge-management">&#129504; Notes and Knowledge Management</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/reference-management">&#128218; Reference Management</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/reading-and-manual-note-taking">&#128214; Reading and Manual Note-Taking</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/writing-presenting-and-data">&#9997;&#65039; Writing, Presenting, and Data</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/calendar-and-scheduling">&#128197; Calendar and Scheduling</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/focus-and-deep-work">&#127919; Focus and Deep Work</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/meeting-capture-and-transcription">&#127897;&#65039; Meeting Capture and Transcription</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/ai-assistants-for-recurring-tasks">&#129302; AI Assistants for Recurring Tasks</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244/travel-for-conferences">&#9992;&#65039; Travel for Conferences</a></p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>&#128203; Task and Project Management</h2><p><em>Where your week actually lives. Most academics now run three or more lists in parallel across institutional and personal tools.</em></p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png" width="664" height="498" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:664,&quot;bytes&quot;:173966,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://andrewomalley.substack.com/i/176587244?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ozbg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f9bd824-ad74-41c2-a42b-12db4cc18092_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h4><strong><a href="https://culturedcode.com/things/">Things 3</a></strong></h4><p><strong>Best task manager for Apple users who don&#8217;t collaborate.</strong></p><p>A focused, Apple-only task manager that turns a chaotic week into a calm review. Strong Today and Upcoming lists, lightweight projects, and a level of polish that makes capture genuinely frictionless. </p><p>This app uses the Getting Things Done (GTD) method and it has genuinely changed my life. No more panicking about forgotten tasks. No anxiety about future tasks, which always resurface when it&#8217;s time to work on them. No more missed deadlines.</p></div><p>If you need to stay in the Microsoft 365 ecosystem then I would recommend your institutional default, which is most likely <strong><a href="https://to-do.office.com/tasks/">Microsoft To Do</a>.</strong> It&#8217;s not all bad, though! The visual design, on iOS at least, is clean and refreshing, and it is tied directly to Outlook flagged emails and Teams tasks, so it earns its place by being already wired in.</p><p>If Things 3 is too Apple and Microsoft To Do is too simple, I would suggest looking at <strong><a href="https://www.todoist.com/">Todoist</a>. </strong>Cross-platform, with natural-language entry and powerful filters. The right pick for researchers working off Windows or Android, or collaborating across institutions</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>&#129504; Notes and Knowledge Management</h2><p><em>The second brain. The space where lecture prep, reading notes, half-formed ideas, and meeting minutes accumulate.</em></p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pOhT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb40a1285-39b7-465f-8946-a2bb93bf98c8_3840x2160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h4><strong><a href="https://www.notion.com/">Notion</a></strong></h4><p><strong>Best second brain for anyone who gets lost their notes.</strong></p><p>What sets Notion apart for academics is not the document editor but the database layer. A linked database of reading items, grant applications, supervision tasks, or course materials behaves like a small research information system, with views, filters, and relationships across them. Once you start using it this way it is difficult to go back.</p></div><p>If you live on Apple devices, <strong>Apple Notes</strong> has quietly become the most reliable everyday tool. Quick capture, document scanning, handwriting recognition, smart folders, and instant sync across iPhone, iPad, and Mac. Free, fast, and good enough for most users.</p><p>If simplicity is your thing, <strong>Apple Stickies</strong> or<strong> Microsoft Sticky Notes </strong>is probably what you&#8217;re looking for<strong>.</strong> When the goal is &#8220;get this thought out of my head before the next meeting&#8221;, a sticky note pinned to the desktop is still the most honest tool. Microsoft&#8217;s version is slightly superior: it syncs across your devices via OneDrive.</p><p>Microsoft also make OneNote, but it is one of their weaker and clunkier Office products.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png" width="1456" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3722,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JzsN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9643a291-f888-4042-b9e0-1d2a9f5360fd_1600x80.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>&#128218; Reference Management</h2><p><em>Citations, PDFs, and the slow accumulation of &#8220;I&#8217;ll read this later&#8221;. Choice here usually lasts a career.</em></p>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-best-productivity-tools-for-educators">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[When the Patient Is a Prompt - Part II]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four new trials ask whether AI can replace the role-player in the room]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/when-the-patient-is-a-prompt-part</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/when-the-patient-is-a-prompt-part</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 07:08:54 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0AT3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fafdd0faa-34d9-43d8-b4d8-5743aa58dc1b_2528x1696.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Are AI-simulated patients any good? It is a familiar shape of question that I think about a lot. Every educational technology arrives draped in promise, and the early discomfort of those who teach with it comes from doing so before anyone has the evidence. Lecture capture, clickers, online quizzes; we have all done this. The novelty grants permission to&#8230;</p>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/when-the-patient-is-a-prompt-part">
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          </a>
      </p>
   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Whose Doctor Does the Algorithm See?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Four new studies on the ethics, bias and equity gaps shaping AI in medical education.]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/whose-doctor-does-the-algorithm-see</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/whose-doctor-does-the-algorithm-see</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 14:53:55 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nLxu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8f7effc4-7e69-4d1b-a0e9-a1111d2d134a_2816x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is a particular quality to early May in a Scottish university, when the corridors empty out as students hunker down for exams and the rest of us begin the long slog of marking. This year I have managed to squeeze in some travel to discuss the ethics and safety of AI use with colleagues in <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/andrewomalley_it-was-great-to-be-in-cardiff-to-present-activity-7455372101496127488-VG18?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAAApfAi8B-ZJZoHW8_iKwL3bb8NufwGk8dS0">Cardiff</a> and <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/andrewomalley_my-world-tour-of-wales-activity-7455639677014851584-1wvn?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAAApfAi8B-ZJZoHW8_iKwL3bb8NufwGk8dS0">Swansea</a>.</p><p>The focus of these conversations was ab&#8230;</p>
      <p>
          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/whose-doctor-does-the-algorithm-see">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[When the Patient Is a Prompt]]></title><description><![CDATA[What recent research reveals about the strengths and limits of synthetic clinical scenarios]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/good-enough-to-teach-with</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/good-enough-to-teach-with</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 06:46:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JFB-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3323f58a-48b5-4188-b1bc-f2d1b558c224_2816x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is a particular kind of academic task that consumes far more hours than any of us would willingly admit, and writing a clinical case scenario from scratch is high on that list. You sit there on a quiet afternoon, trying to make a fictional 65-year-old&#8217;s symptoms add up neatly to a teachable diagnosis whilst not being so obvious that the third-year&#8230;</p>
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          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/good-enough-to-teach-with">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Do Patients Trust Clinical AI? Navigating Autonomy and Consent in Medical Education]]></title><description><![CDATA[How are patients and the public responding to the integration of generative AI in healthcare, and what does this mean for the future of medical education?]]></description><link>https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-patients-voice-in-the-ai-revolution</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-patients-voice-in-the-ai-revolution</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew O'Malley PhD]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 13 Apr 2026 07:24:41 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dyfH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64560e9b-80a6-48b6-a021-2eda1be629c4_2816x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As artificial intelligence becomes increasingly embedded in clinical workflows, the focus of medical education is rightly expanding beyond the technical capabilities of these tools to consider their profound impact on the people they ultimately serve: the patients. </p><p>This week&#8217;s roundup examines a collection of recent papers that explore the intersection &#8230;</p>
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          <a href="https://www.aomalley.com/p/the-patients-voice-in-the-ai-revolution">
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